Presented By: Andrea J. Sant, PhD
Speaker Biography: Andrea J. Sant received her PhD in Immunogenetics at Washington University in St. Louis on the cell biology of MHC-restricted antigen presentation. She then completed a post-doctoral fellowship at the National Institutes of Health with Dr. Ronald Germain, where she studied the genetic constraints on MHC class II heterodimer assembly and function in immune recognition. She began her independent career at the University of Chicago where she remained for 12 years and then moved to the University of Rochester Medical School in 2002. Throughout her career she has been focused on understanding the regulation of MHC restricted antigen presentation, CD4 T cell selectivity in vivo, and in recent years, the role of CD4 T cell memory in responses to respiratory pathogens such as influenza and SARS-CoV-2 and vaccine design.
Webinar: Memory CD4 T cells established by endemic human Coronaviruses have the potential to be recruited into the response to SARS-Cov-2
Webinar Abstract: For centuries, humans have become infected with endemic circulating Coronaviruses (hCoV), typically repeatedly throughout life. To understand how these respiratory infections establish CD4 T cells memory and whether this memory has the potential to be recruited into the immune response to SARS-CoV-2, we studies human peripheral blood samples collected prior to 2019. Our studies revealed highly variable reactivity to the human coronavirus proteins, related both to the age of subjects and with regard to the functional potential, including cytotoxic activityl. Particularly striking was the diminished human CD4 memory to hCoV associated with age, in contrast to reactivity to influenza epitopes, studied in parallel. We also provide evidence that CD4 T cells reactive with the alpha hCoV can be cross boosted by the two lineages, based on accumulation of CD4 T cells specific for the highly conserved S2 domains of the spike proteins derived from these endemic viruses. Finally, we found that the human CD4 T cells elicited by the endemic hCoV are able to recognize SARS-CoV-2 epitopes and display functional potential linked to the specific viral antigen examined, particularly notable in the cytotoxic potential of the SARS CoV-2 reactive CD4 T cells.
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