Educational video describing the specifics of platelet rich plasm therapy.
Plasma rich plasma or PRP is a volume of the plasma of autologous blood having a platelet concentration above the baseline. Platelets facilitate healing by stimulating the release of different growth factors. The growth factors recruit stem cells that facilitate healing, repair, or regeneration of the injured tissue. PRP is injected directly into injured tissue stimulating a healing response in a more powerful form.
Platelets are components of blood cells. The development of PRP focuses on concentration of patient’s own blood platelets to create an active mixture of growth factors.
Blood components
1-Red blood cells carry oxygen from the lungs and deliver it to the body tissues.
2-White blood cells form our immune system and help the body to fight against infection and foreign material.
3-Platelets: function of platelets:
•Help in hemostasis (Stop bleeding)
•Helps in the building of new tissue, act as scaffold for tissue regeneration.
•Stem cell attraction and binding
Platelets are directors (boss). Stem cells are the workers. Platelets divide, multiply and differentiate to become the healing cells for injured tissues. The platelets become activated by thrombin and other factors which cause a change in their morphology and the release of multiple growth factors. These growth factors bind themselves to the receptors of the cell causing intracellular changes down to the nucleus and affecting its DNA. The result is changed in the performance and function of the cell.
Production of PRP
•30-60 ml of the patient’s own blood is drawn from the antecubital vein.
•The blood is then placed into a device to be centrifuged which separates the blood into platelet poor plasma (PPP), red blood cells (RBC) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP).
•The blood is then placed in a centrifuge for 15 mins at 3,200 rpm. The centrifuge spins and separates the platelets from the rest of the blood components and increases the concentration of platelets and growth factors. The more platelet concentration, the greater the healing power.
•After the centrifuge process is complete, the plasma has been separated from the blood producing the PRP. The platelet poor plasma is withdrawn and discarded. Platelet-rich plasma is withdrawn for injection. Sodium bicarbonate is used to neutralize the acidity of the sample.
PRP sample has at least 4x the normal concentration of platelets needed for PRP to be effective. The more the platelet concentration the more growth factors and healing power.
Ultrasound helps to deliver a concentrated sample of platelets to the injured tissue. Ultrasound increases the accuracy of delivering the sample to the injured tissue.
Partial tear of the supraspinatus tendon
•Injections should be performed preferably with the aid of ultrasound imaging.
•Needling induced injury release thrombin which activates platelets. Platelets help in hemostasis and produce growth factors as well as chemotactic factors.
•Platelets act as a scaffold for mesenchymal stem cells which start the process of tissue regeneration.
•Patient typically experiences minimal to moderate discomfort which may last up to 1 weeks following the injection.
•Avoid the use of anti-inflammatory medications for 6 weeks after injection.
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