Tetrodotoxin is a neurotoxin that is found in pufferfish, like those served at fugu restaurants. Patients can develop signs and symptoms within 30 minutes of ingestion, such as vomiting and diarrhea. Tetrodotoxin exerts its neurologic effects by binding to and blocking fast, voltage-gated Na+ channels. This is why tetrodotoxin patients can develop paresthesias, paralysis, and decreased reflexes. Severe paralysis can affect the muscles of respiration, which can be lethal. That being said, treatment is generally supportive as you wait for the body to clear the toxin.

Learn about Tetrodotoxin and other other topics in toxicology with Pixorize's visual mnemonics. Part of our #Toxicology playlist for the #USMLE Step 1 and NBME shelf exams.

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