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[ Ссылка ] दुनिया का सबसे बड़ा हेल्थ प्लेटफार्म
[ Ссылка ] Know Your Doctor
Dr. Sriram Ramalingam | Phone 📞 +91 80 2343 1020 (Online & in-person appointment can be booked online or by call)
Consultant Ophthalmologist | Pradnya Nethralaya Sultanpalya, Bengaluru, India
Dry eyes according to International Dry Eye Workshop 2007 dry eye is a multifactorial disease affecting the ocular surfaces and the tears. The main symptoms are discomfort, visual disturbances and tearfilm instability with the potential damage to the ocular surfaces. As all of us know tears are made up of multiple layers- the outermost layer is called as a lipid layer which is secreted by the meibomian glands and the inner layer is an aqueous layer. Any deficiency in either of these layers can lead to dry eyes. So dry eyes are basically classified into two types. The two types are Aqueous deficiency or the second one is an Evaporative type. The aqueous deficiency type of dry eyes can be further classified into two types the sjogrens and the non-sjogrens type. And the evaporative types are because of other intrinsic problem or maybe because of an extrinsic problems. The most common intrinsic problem is what is called as a meibomian gland dysfunction which I'll be talking about in my subsequent videos. The other causes of intrinsic may be like a drug induced or it may be because of the lid abnormalities. The extrinsic type may be because of vitamin A deficiency, long-term use of tropical drugs and other causes. Added to these are the environmental factors like lack of humidity, low blink rate, systemic drugs like antihistaminic, beta blockers or antidepressants and also high wind velocity. Dry eye is a very common problem among computer users. Why do the computer users have a dry eye problem? They are multifactorial. Some of them are low blink rate, they keep staring at the monitor without blinking. They sit in an AC environment which leads to low humidity and they do not blink sufficiently. So these are the factors which leads to dry eye especially in long-term uses of computers. How do you manage dry eyes? Dry eye treatment depends upon the cause. A general broad guidelines of how dry eye is treated is various types of tear supplements are available. The tear supplements may be in the form of what is called as carboxymethylcellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol and the various other types like sodium hyaluronate. These are some of the dry eye supplements. In severe cases one may have to use a mild steroid or also a cyclosporine eye drops. What about other drugs which are useful like secretagogues? It can sometimes be used in severe dry eye problem. Oral medications are very rarely used in dry eyes conditions like cholinergic antagonists like pilocarpine 5 milligrams are given in these patients. One should remember that systemic medications can cause side effects so one needs to be very careful when treating dry eye problem. Other slightly invasive treatment of dry eyes are blocking the passage of the tear ducts or tear nasal what is called as a nasolacrimal duct. Contact lenses are occasionally prescribed to keep the eye wet. The dry eye is severe, one may have to even subject the patient to what is called as a Lateral Tarsorrhaphy where the lateral part of the eye is closed. So dry eye treatment is not easy. Dry eye needs to be diagnosed early and treated before it leads to severe problems. Dry eye treatment if prolonged, it doesn't get over it a few weekdays time. Lifestyle changes can avoid dry eyes.
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#ophthalmology
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#opthalmology

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