Liver failure is a serious medical condition that occurs when the liver loses its ability to function properly. There are two main types of liver failure: acute liver failure and chronic liver failure. Acute liver failure develops rapidly, often within days or weeks, while chronic liver failure progresses gradually over a longer period of time.

Here are some signs and symptoms of liver failure:

1. Jaundice: One of the most prominent signs of liver failure is jaundice, which is characterized by yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes. This occurs due to the buildup of bilirubin, a yellow pigment, in the blood.

2. Swelling: Liver failure can lead to fluid retention in the abdomen (ascites) and legs (peripheral edema). The abdomen can become distended and uncomfortable, and the legs may appear swollen.

3. Fatigue and Weakness: Individuals with liver failure often experience extreme fatigue and weakness, which can be attributed to the liver's inability to metabolize nutrients properly.

4. Loss of Appetite and Weight Loss: A decreased appetite and unintentional weight loss are common symptoms. The liver plays a crucial role in digestion and metabolism, and its dysfunction can lead to these issues.

5. Nausea and Vomiting: Nausea, vomiting, and a general feeling of discomfort in the upper abdomen are common symptoms of liver failure.

6. Mental Confusion and Cognitive Impairment: Liver failure can lead to a buildup of toxins in the bloodstream, affecting brain function. This can cause mental confusion, difficulty concentrating, and even changes in personality.

7. Bleeding and Bruising: The liver produces proteins necessary for blood clotting. Liver failure can lead to a decrease in these proteins, resulting in a tendency to bleed and bruise easily.

8. Pale Stools and Dark Urine: The stool may become pale or clay-colored due to a lack of bilirubin processing. Additionally, urine can become darker due to the accumulation of bilirubin.

9. Itchy Skin: Liver failure can lead to the buildup of bile salts in the skin, causing intense itching.

10. Digestive Issues: Bloating, gas, and indigestion can be symptoms of liver failure, as the liver plays a role in the digestion of fats and other nutrients.

It's important to note that the severity of symptoms can vary depending on the stage of liver failure and the underlying cause. If you or someone you know is experiencing these symptoms, it's crucial to seek medical attention promptly, as liver failure can be life-threatening. Diagnosing the underlying cause and providing appropriate treatment are essential to managing the condition.

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