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The diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is “tissue based”. This means that if during a CAT Scan or X-Ray an abnormality is found in the lungs, the next step is to take a tissue sample (called biopsy) for examination by a pathologist under a microscope. The biopsy can be done in a variety of ways. It can be done by the radiologist at the time of the CAT scan (or CT scan). Or the biopsy can be done using a “bronchoscopy” which involves a tube being passed down the nose or mouth and into the lungs. The pulmonologist can use this tool to see the cancer and take a sample of the tissue. In some cases surgeons are involved in the diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer, usually when the cancer is located in places like the lymph nodes which are difficult for the pulmonologist or radiologist to reach.
