Egypt is located in the northeastern corner of Africa and the country includes parts of the Sahara Desert. Its a harsh environment where winds create prolific sand dunes that peak at more than 30m high.

A whopping 96% of Egypt is officially desert, most of the country is inhospitable, since temperatures can soar to 50c and there is also very little to no rainfall.

Egypt also has a large population of just over 102 million and 90% of the population live in the remaining 4% of the countries landmass along the Nile River valley and delta.

It has a rich history being one of the earliest cradles of civilization, the agricultural productivity at the time made it the breadbasket for the region and has long supported a large rural population devoted to working the land.

Present-day Egypt, is largely urban. The capital city, Cairo, is one of the world’s largest urban agglomerations, with a large population of approximately 22 million people making it the 2nd most populated city in Africa.

The city of Cairo was founded in 4th millennium BC. Nearby, Giza is the site of the iconic pyramids and Great Sphinx which attracts tourists from all over the world, travel and tourism contributed 5.1% to Egypt's GDP roughly $22 billion in 2021 but during historical times of political and civil unrest, these figures drop dramatically.

Its been reported that many social and environmental problems plagued the city, from lack of decent social housing and modern infrastructure, informal waste management, poor air quality and the city has also been considered dangerous for women.

Water scarcity is a massive issue for the country especially since Ethiopia is currently constructing a dam on the Blue Nile, the main tributary of the Nile River as a result Egypt is pouring 2.5 Billion in to desalination plants, to turn salt water into drinking water.

Food insecurity is also a major concern since Egypt imports more than 50% of its food and agricultural product needs.

This is why Egypt is now trying to turn this around by investing billions of dollars into ambitious infrastructure programs to re-green the barren landscape and create new farmland desert cities, to alleviate the pressure on its mega-city and become more food secure.

But turning the desert into farmland oasis is not always that easy, there have already been abandoned projects, that have costs millions of dollars.

However over the last 40 years Egypt has been making some astonishing developments turning large areas of desert sand into agricultural fields, by creating one of the largest organic farms in the middle east. Which has helped to improve the lives of hundreds of thousands of people, this transformation can be considered a major accomplishment, especially when a country receives on average 3 inches of rainfall per year.

In this video we are going to tell you how and why Egypt is turning its deserts into a farmland oasis...

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