東京湾アクアラインサンセットドライブ/千葉から都内へ/2020年6月
Tokyo Bay Aqua-Line Sunset Drive. From Chiba Prefecture to Kanagawa Prefecture.Jun.2020.
The Tokyo Bay Aqua-Line (東京湾アクアライン, Tōkyō-wan Akua-rain), also known as the Trans-Tokyo Bay Expressway, is an expressway that's mainly made up of a bridge–tunnel combination across Tokyo Bay in Japan. It connects the city of Kawasaki in Kanagawa Prefecture with the city of Kisarazu in Chiba Prefecture, and forms part of National Route 409. With an overall length of 23.7 km, it includes a 4.4 km bridge and 9.6 km tunnel underneath the bay—the fourth-longest underwater tunnel in the world.
At the bridge-tunnel crossover point, there is an artificial island called Umihotaru (海ほたる, Umi-hotaru, literally meaning "sea firefly" or Vargula hilgendorfii) with a rest area consisting of restaurants, shops and amusement facilities. Air is supplied to the tunnel by a distinctive tower in the middle of the tunnel, called the Kaze no Tō (風の塔, "the tower of wind"), which uses the bay's almost-constant winds as a power source.
The road opened on December 18, 1997, after 23 years of planning and 9 years of construction at a cost of 1.44 trillion yen (US$11.2 billion at the time of opening).
The Tokyo Bay Aqua-Line reduced the drive between Chiba and Kanagawa, two important industrial regions, from 90 to 15 minutes,and also contributed to cutting the travel time to the sea leisure area in the southern part of the Bōsō Peninsula from Tokyo and Kanagawa. Before the tunnel opened, one had to drive around about 100 km along the shores of Tokyo Bay and pass through downtown Tokyo.
One goal expressed during the planning of the Aqua-Line was to reduce the traffic through downtown Tokyo, but as the highway toll is quite high, the reduction in Tokyo traffic has not been as great as expected.
Many highway bus services now use the Tokyo Bay Aqua-Line, including lines from Tokyo Station, Yokohama Station, Kawasaki Station, Shinagawa Station, Shibuya Station, Shinjuku Station and Haneda Airport to Kisarazu, Kimitsu, Nagaura station, Ichihara, Mobara, Tōgane, Kamogawa, Katsuura and Tateyama.
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