The resistance of PTC heating devices differs significantly from traditional resistive heating. The resistance changes inversely proportional to the temperature of the device but in a non-linear fashion.

Resistance in a circuit produces thermal energy, which equates to heat. Nichrome, a non-magnetic alloy of nickel and chromium, is one of the most common resistance wires. The material has a high resistance to current and oxidation at high temperatures.

Other materials and alloys are used for specific applications to create heat with some coated with heat-conducting materials that protect the elements from oxidation at high temperatures. Typical lengths of each type of wire produce the desired heating.

Forced air or natural convection heat exchangers are utilized to transfer heat to the atmosphere, solids, and liquids. This heating device has long been used for electrical heating in homes, transportation, and industrial applications.

The resistance is chosen concerning temperature requirements, voltage, and current. In most applications, temperature sensors and current-limiting components are required to maintain the proper temperature.

The current through such wire resistors is nearly constant and does not change with temperature, nor does the wire's resistance.

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