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BGP route reflector

BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) is a routing protocol used to exchange routing information between different autonomous systems (ASes) on the internet. BGP route reflectors (RRs) are used in large-scale networks to simplify the routing process by reducing the number of iBGP peer connections required between routers in a network.
In a traditional iBGP network, all routers in the network must peer with each other to exchange routing information, resulting in a complex and resource-intensive network design. In a BGP RR design, routers are divided into two categories: route reflectors and clients. Route reflectors are special routers that act as a central point of communication for BGP clients, eliminating the need for direct peering between all routers in the network.
BGP route reflector design involves several important considerations to ensure optimal network performance and reliability. These include the number of route reflectors, the placement of route reflectors, and the configuration of route reflectors.
The number of route reflectors required in a network depends on the size and complexity of the network. In general, it is recommended to have at least two route reflectors for redundancy purposes. In addition, the number of route reflectors should be sufficient to handle the total number of BGP peer connections in the network.
The placement of route reflectors is critical to the design of a BGP RR network. Route reflectors should be placed in a hierarchical manner to minimise the number of BGP peer connections required between routers. In general, route reflectors should be placed at the core of the network, with route reflector clients located at the edge. For larger networks route reflectors should also be placed outside of the data path and should only be used for route reflector functions and not as a data forwarding device.

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