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The American Revolution, also known as the United States War of Independence, was a political upheaval in the late 18th century that saw 13 American colonies break away from British rule to form an independent nation. The conflict began in 1765 with resistance to new taxes and expanded to include a full-scale war that lasted from 1775 to 1783. The cause of the revolution was rooted in economic, political, and philosophical differences between the American colonies and the British government.

The British government had imposed a series of taxes on the American colonies, including the Stamp Act, the Townshend Acts, and the Quartering Acts. The American colonies saw these taxes as unjust and sought representation in the British Parliament. Tensions rose between the American colonies and the British government, culminating in the 1775 Battle of Lexington and Concord.

The American colonies formed a Continental Army, led by General George Washington, and declared their independence from Britain in 1776 with the adoption of the Declaration of Independence. The document, written by Thomas Jefferson, declared that all men have the right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, and that the government is responsible for protecting these rights. The Declaration of Independence also denounced the British government for failing to protect the rights of the American colonies.

The American Revolution was fought on two fronts. The first was a military conflict, with battles taking place throughout the 13 colonies and in Canada and the West Indies. The most significant battles were the Siege of Boston, the Battle of Saratoga, and the Battle of Yorktown. The second front was a diplomatic struggle, with the American colonies seeking support from foreign powers and seeking recognition as an independent nation.

The war ended with the 1783 Treaty of Paris, in which Britain recognized the independence of the United States and ceded control of the territory east of the Mississippi River. The American Revolution resulted in the formation of a new nation with a written constitution, the United States Constitution, which established a federal government with limited powers.

The American Revolution was a key moment in world history, inspiring other movements for independence and serving as a model for democratic government. It also had a profound impact on the United States, shaping the country's political, economic, and social development for centuries to come. The legacy of the American Revolution continues to shape the United States today and serves as a reminder of the importance of individual freedoms and the power of political change.

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