Mikhail Ivanovich Kalinin (Russian: Михаи́л Ива́нович Кали́нин [kɐˈlʲinʲɪn]; 19 November 7 November] 1875 – 3 June 1946),known familiarly by Soviet citizens as "Kalinych",was an Old Bolshevik revolutionary and a Soviet politician. He served as head of state of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and later of the Soviet Union from 1919 to 1946. From 1926, he was a member of the Politburo of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

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