Fake news is a misused and abused term, that may have lost its usefulness to describe the increasing amount of false or erroneous information circulating the World. Particularly since XIX century with the massification of printed press, the issue of false information has been acknowledged. Today, as more and more people obtain most of the information from internet - and specially via social media - , the challenges and threats to democracies are very concerning. So, what we are to do about it?

Be conscious, be critical and be autonomous about everything you read, write and share:
THINK, RETHINK
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1st video from "Critical Thinking Tools" campaign:
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REFERENCES

Allcott, H., & Gentzkow, M. (2017). Social media and fake news in the 2016 election. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 31(2), 211-36.

Cherilyn, I. & Posetti, J. (eds.) (2018) Journalism, fake news & disinformation: handbook for journalism education and training. UNESCO. Retrieved from: [ Ссылка ]

CITS (2018) “A Citizen’s Guide to Fake News”. UC Santa Barbara. Retrieved from: [ Ссылка ]

Pope Francis (2018) “Message of His Holiness Pope Francis for World Communications Day – 24 January 2018”. Retrieved from: [ Ссылка ]

Shahbaz, A.; Truong, M; White, J, & Funk, A. (2018) Freedom on the Net 2018: The Rise of Digital Authoritarianism. Freedom House. Retrieved from: [ Ссылка ]

Soll, J. (2016) “The Long and Brutal History of Fake News”. Politico.com. Retrieved from: [ Ссылка ]

Wardle, C. & Hossein, D. (2017) Information Disorder Toward an interdisciplinary framework for research and policymaking. FirstDraftNews.org. Retrieved from: [ Ссылка ]

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