Lung lavage, otherwise known as lung washing, is exclusively used for patients with pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, or PAP, a disease in which protein and lipid material called surfactant builds up in the air sacs. Each lung is washed individually, while the other is left to continue breathing. A saline solution cleans the air sacs with the help of a chest percussor, a vest that shakes the patient's chest. Patients are able to immediately breathe easier once the surfactant is completely removed.

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