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Classification of Dosage Form | Different Dosage Form | Demonstration of Dosage Forms in English [ Ссылка ]
DOSAGE FORMS
1. Drug: Substance that acts on the body and is used for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment
of any disease.
2. Medicine: Substances that have a definite form and therapeutic use for the treatment of disease.
3. Dosage Forms: It is the means by which drug molecules are delivered at the site of action. A pharmaceutical drug, also called a medication or medicine, is a chemical substance that is used to cure, prevent, diagnose or treat a specific disease to promote health of human beings.
Drugs in the pure form are rarely administered. Drugs can be modified into suitable formulations with the help of formulation additives or pharmaceutical excipient which are called dosage forms. Every dosage form is a mixed combination of the drug and other non-drug components. The formulation additives are used to provide a particular dosage form to the formulation, which is beneficial to increase its stability and also to increase its acceptability to provide more sophistication to the preparation.
1. To protect the drug from oxidation (e.g. Vitamin C, Ferrous sulfate), hydrolysis (aspirin) and reduction. e.g. coated tablets, sealed ampoules.
2. To protect the drug from effect of gastric juice (HCl) of the stomach after oral administration e.g. enteric coated tablets.
3. To provide a safe and convenient delivery of accurate dosage.
4. To conceal the bitter (e.g. chloramphenicol), salty or obnoxious taste or odour of a drug
substance e.g. capsules, coated tablets and flavored syrups etc.
5. To provide for the optimum drug action through inhalation therapy. e.g. inhalation aerosols and inhalants.
6. To provide for the drug into one of the body-cavities e.g. rectal suppositories.
7. To provide for the maximum drug action from topical administration sites. e.g. creams, ointments, ophthalmic preparations and E.N.T. (Ear, nose and throat) preparation.
8. To provide sustained release action through controlled release mechanism. e.g sustained release tablets, capsules and suspensions.
9. To provide liquid dosage form of the drugs soluble in a suitable vehicle e.g. solutions.
CLASSIFICATION OF DOSAGE FORMS
A. Classification according to the Route of Administration
1. Oral: Powders, Elixirs, tablets, capsules, solutions, emulsions, syrups, magmas, gels, cachets, pills.
2. Parenteral: Solutions, suspensions, emulsions.
3. Rectal: Suppositories, douches, foams, tablets, creams
4. Topical: ointments, creams
5. Inhaled: Aerosols
B. Classification according to Physical state
1. Solid Unit – Tablet, Capsule, pills, Bulk-Powders
2. Semi-Solid - Creams, Jellies, Ointments, Pastes
3. Liquid -
Monophasic Dosage forms- Solution, Syrup
Biphasic Dosage forms-Emulsion,Suspension
4. Gaseous Aerosol , Inhalers
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