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BRITANNICA: Rafael Kubelík [was a] Bohemian-born Swiss conductor, musical director, and composer, who was noted for his frequent guest appearances with major orchestras throughout the world. He was a son of the violinist Jan Kubelík and studied composition and conducting at the Prague Conservatory. He conducted the Czech Philharmonic Orchestra from 1936 to 1939 and from 1942 to 1948. He left Czechoslovakia in 1948 after the Communist takeover, settling first in England and later in Switzerland, where he became a citizen in 1973. He became principal conductor of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra in 1950 but was forced to resign in 1953 amid controversy over his plans for staff changes and a concert program emphasizing modern compositions. As music director of the Covent Garden Opera from 1955 to 1958, he championed opera in English. From 1961 to 1979 he was principal conductor of the Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra. From 1973 to 1974 he was also musical director of the Metropolitan Opera in New York City. Kubelík’s own compositions include two operas, three symphonies, choral works, and concertos.
BRITANNICA: Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra [is a] German symphony orchestra based in Munich and supported by the state of Bavaria. Under the aegis of the Bavarian state radio station, conductor Eugen Jochum organized the performing group in 1949, trained it to become a major orchestra, and took it to perform at the prestigious Edinburgh International Festival in 1957. Jochum continued to conduct the orchestra until 1960. In 1961 Raphael Kubelik became the orchestra’s second chief conductor; he held the position until 1979. Unlike Jochum, who had favoured music from the Romantic and Classical periods, Kubelik selected music from more-recent eras as well. Under Kubelik, some of the orchestra’s concerts of contemporary music included guest conductors such as Paul Hindemith and Igor Stravinsky. Sir Colin Davis conducted the orchestra in the1980s, followed by Lorin Maazel in the 1990s. In 2003 the post was assumed by Mariss Jansons.
Remastered By: Wayne Yang, USA-Taiwan
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