Hot axle hot wheel detector system or hot box detector system in indian railway hbd

Monitoring of hot axle box bearing temperature

WHY MEASURE BEARING TEMPERATURE
Failed bearings on rolling stocks present important safety risks, potentially leading to catastrophic events such as derailment or fire.

A rise in the heat generated by a bearing is found to be a good predictive diagnostic of a bearing about to fail. Thus, monitoring the hot axle box bearing temperature enables detection of bearings presenting a risk of failure. Acceptable temperatures and temperature variations are set: any value deviating from the norms will trigger alarms and, potentially, actions to guarantee safety.

(A) On-board monitoring of axle box bearing temperature

temperature monitoring of the axle box but also specify that the rolling bearing itself can be monitored directly.
The most common setup up is to monitor the hot axle box temperature.
The temperature sensors monitor the hot axle box temperature (more precisely, the grease temperature) at all times, and the train computer issues warnings if the measurements vary from the normal.

On-board monitoring overcomes number of limitations of the HABD trackside systems. Firstly, the temperature monitoring is continuous whereas track equipment only measure at one point in time, when the train passes by. Also, the track equipment is used for all trains with no possibility to develop specific solution depending on the train type, bogie design, bearing property, and so on while the on-board system can be tailored to match the train characteristics.


(B) On-track Hot Axle Box Detection (HABD) of bearing temperature

The Hot Axle Box Detection (HABD) systems are placed on the tracks. They measure the temperature of the axle box bearing boxes and often also wheels and brake discs (Hot Axle Box and Hot Wheel detection units, HABD/HWD) when the train passes over them. The system uses infrared beams to measure temperature then send the measured values wirelessly to the depot, fleet management team or even the train.

If the onboard method was developed to improve the bearing temperature monitoring, the 2 methods (A) and (B) can well be used together for optimal and redundant control.


Hot Box Detection System
Hot axle box detectors:

Intelligent infrared detection of overheating axles and wheels, contributes to the safety and reliability of railways.
Overheated axle boxes and brakes are a major cause of derailments and early detection by means of wayside monitoring equipment is becoming more and more important.
The hotbox detector is cost effective and economical to install. All too often rolling stock and the permanent way have been damaged due to derailment of trains, caused by overheating bearings.
Early warning and detection of the problem can save enormously on capital.


Electronic wheel transducer: System activation on train detection, counting up to 1024 axles, direction, speed calculation and returning to stand-by after the last train axle
Trackside electronics: Controlling and managing all functions of the measuring station by microprocessor control
Data transmission: Four wire circuits of nominal 600-ohm impedance, with minimum reception level of 30 dBM
Central display and control unit: Based on a standard PC and printer
lnfra-red scanner: Converts the heat radiated from the axle boxes, wheels and brake disks into electrical signal.
The system features important benefits:


Train truck tables: logging truck number, number of axles, vehicle classification and bearing type; up to 1 024 axles per train can be scanned
Office unit communications statistics
Train analysis statistics. Each central office unit can accommodate up to four dedicated field units strategically positioned along the trackside. Each additional office unit enlarges the system by multiples of four field units. Each field unit automatically records axle temperatures, train speed and direction of travel.
Measurement range:

Hotbox detection: Ambient to 125 degrees Celsius
Hot wheel detection: Ambient to 450 degrees Celsius
Alarms Levels: User Configurable
Axle Capacity: 1024 axles.
Operating conditions Scanners: -40 to 70 degrees Celsius
Power supply requirements:

220V 50Hz AC+ 15%-20%
Office unit-2 kVA
Field unit – 1, 5 kVA
System event log:

All reported or detected events are logged, giving date, time, source and description of up to 1000 events
Hot box alarms: sounding audible alarms when triggered, and remaining so until acknowledged.
Each hotbox description consists of:

Train speed: Between 15 and 120 km/h (tested) AND Between 15 and 280 km/h (simulated)
Scanner: Absolute temperature measurement, fast response time


Hot axle hot wheel detector system or hot box detector system in indian railway hbd


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