Chad provides a comprehensive lesson on Isomers in Coordination Chemistry. First, the difference between Structural Isomers and Stereoisomers is explained. Then the two types of structural isomers are presented: Linkage Isomers and Coordination Sphere Isomers. The Coordination Sphere Isomers included both Ionization Isomers and Hydration Isomers and examples of each are provided.

Then the two types of Stereoisomers are discussed: Geometric Isomers (Cis/Trans Isomers) and Optical Isomers. Geometric Isomers are possible in both square planar and octahedral complexes and it is explained what must be true of a coordination compound to be capable of Geometric Isomerism.

Finally, the lesson is concluded with a discussion of Optical Isomers. A complex ion is said to be 'chiral' if it and its mirror image are nonsuperimposable (i.e. nonidentical). The two nonsuperimposable mirror images are not only stereoisomers, but more specifically optical isomers and 'enantiomers.' Optical isomers occur most notable in three different complex ions:
1. Tetrahedral complexes with 4 different ligands
2. Octahedral complexes with 3 bidentate ligands
3. Octahedral complexes with 2 bidentate ligands and 2 monodentate ligands in the cis-conformation
Examples of each are provided and discussed.

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00:00 Lesson Introduction
00:30 Structural Isomers vs Stereoisomers
02:11 Linkage Isomers
04:07 Coordination Sphere Isomers
07:13 Geometric Isomers
11:44 Optical Isomers

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