SOLELY FOR STUDY PURPOSE :REFERENCEVIDEO:Courtesy UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY,AUSTRALIA.
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DNA cloning, also known as recombinant DNA technology, is a laboratory process that makes multiple copies of a specific DNA sequence. It's a key step in many genetic engineering and biotechnology research applications.
Here's how DNA cloning works:
1. Cut and paste DNA
A restriction nuclease cuts chromosomal DNA, and enzymes are used to insert the DNA fragments into a plasmid, a circular piece of DNA. This creates a recombinant DNA molecule.
2. Introduce the plasmid to bacteria
The recombinant plasmid is introduced into bacteria, which then grow and reproduce, replicating the plasmid and passing it on to their offspring.
3. Isolate the cloned DNA
The bacteria that carry the plasmid are selected and grown, and individual cells are allowed to proliferate to produce large amounts of the cloned DNA.
DNA cloning can be used for many purposes, including:
Studying genes
DNA cloning can help researchers understand how genes function, investigate their characteristics, and see how mutations affect them.
Making proteins
DNA cloning can be used to make large quantities of proteins coded for by a gene. For example, the human insulin gene can be expressed in E. coli bacteria to produce insulin for diabetics.
Genetic testing
DNA cloning can be used to perform genetic tests on small samples of blood, saliva, or other tissues
