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The crayfish is an arthropod of the Protostellacidae family of Decapoda. Crayfish crustaceans are hard; Body color includes red, reddish-brown, pink, back sauce dark red; There is a wedge stripe on the back of the abdomen; Long and narrow chelate; Claws dark red and black, with bright orange-red or reddish nodules; Head apex length; Large body, cylindrical shape; Filamentous gill; The head has tentacles. Crayfish shape is similar to the sea lobster, the individual is smaller than the sea lobster, so the name.
Native to northern Mexico and southern United States, crayfish are now widely distributed in more than 40 countries and regions, and are also widely present in all parts of China, especially in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Crayfish are found in rivers, lakes, ditches, ponds and rice fields. Crawfish are nocturnal, hiding during the day and coming out at night. Strong adaptability to the environment; Fast growth rate; Having the habit of digging holes; Be fierce and aggressive. Crayfish eat miscellaneous, mainly eat plants, small fish, shrimp, plankton, benthic organisms, algae, etc., can be used as its food. When laying eggs, the female shrimps like to dig holes in the soil and reproduce in the holes. It breeds throughout the year, with peak breeding in August-September and maturity and spawning in September. The average lifespan of male shrimp is 20 months and that of female shrimp is 24 months.
Crayfish meat is delicious, protein content is high, is a high nutritional value of animal food, has become China's urban and rural residents table delicacies; In some parts of China, it has become an important channel for farmers to raise income and get rid of poverty. Crayfish can quickly establish populations, which can have a severe impact on the biome of the invasion site, and can also cause serious damage to the local soil structure, farmland, and water conservancy facilities. Crayfish have been added to China's second list of invasive alien species ！
