Ram Setu / Ramar Palam / Adam’s Bridge is a chain of natural limestone shoals, connecting India and Sri Lanka.
In the recent movie – Ram Setu, Hero Akshay Kumar is landing on the Ram Setu bridge and walking with floating rock. Water depth is less than 6 inch in Ram setu.
There are only a few historical structures across the globe that link mythological and historical theories together. One such construction is Ram Setu, also known as Adam’s Bridge. Recently, the central government approved an underwater exploration, to study the structure and determine the age of the Ram Setu and its formation.
This study will also help in understanding if the structure is as old as the Ramayana period. Also, there is a demand to make Ram Setu a national monument, although the matter is sub-judice. With this, it becomes more interesting to know if there are possibilities to link Indian mythology with modern day structures.
Ram Setu was first mentioned in Valmiki’s Ramayana, a Hindu epic. The bridge is believed to have been built by Lord Rama’s Vanara Sena, with instructions from Nala, for Lord Ram to reach Lanka to rescue his wife Sita. According to legend, the bridge was built using floating stones, with name of Lord Rama engraved on it, which made it unsinkable. Apparently, Lord Rama prayed to the ocean, for a path from India to Lanka, so that he could go and rescue Sita from the clutches of Ravana, the king of Lanka.
As per Ramayana, 7th century BCE to 3rd century CE, the Ram Setu bridge was constructed by lord Ram, with the help of an army of Vanaras (monkeys), led by Lord Hanuman, to reach Lanka.
Ram Setu or Adam’s Bridge is a structure akin to a causeway, connecting Pamban Island in Tamil Nadu to Mannar Island in Sri Lanka.
The total length of the bridge is approximately 50 kms. Adam’s Bridge also separates the Gulf of Mannar from the Palk Strait. Some of the sandbanks are dry. The sea around this structure is very shallow, ranging from three ft to 30 ft deep.
According to several scientific reports, the bridge was completely above sea level till 1480 but was damaged by a cyclone that hit the area. Till the 15th century, it was passable on foot until the channel deepened.
There is a geological evidence to prove that the bridge was earlier a land connection between India and Sri Lanka.
There are studies that show that the bridge is made of limestone shoals and is a linear sequence of coral reefs. There is also proof that it is made of floating rocks found scattered across Rameswaram and there are theories that believe volcanic rocks do float on water.
As the sea water near the coral reef is very shallow, navigation of ships is impossible, because of which ships have to take roundabout routes, to reach Sri Lanka.
The Sethusamudram Project was proposed, to provide a shortcut route from Pamban Island to Mannar Island in Sri Lanka. However, environmentalists say that the project could destroy the natural reefs, which had existed for thousands of years. Although the Sethusamudram Project was planned to be executed by deepening the Pamban pass, so that the Rama Sethu could also be preserved, the project is still at a standstill.
Oceanography research suggests that the bridge is 7,000 years old. This tallies with the carbon dating of beaches near Mannar Island and Dhanushkodi.
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