Learn about nephrotic syndrome vs glomerulonephritis in comparison to nursing management, signs and symptoms, causes, and pathophysiology.

Acute glomerulonephritis is a type of nephritic syndrome that causes inflammation to the glomerulus that leads to the leakage of red blood cells and mild amounts of protein into the urine.

Nephrotic syndrome is a set of symptoms associated with kidney damage that leads the glomerulus to leak a massive amount of proteins (not red blood cells) into the urine.

The main cause of acute glomerulonephritis is a post-streptococcal infection of either the throat or skin. The main cause of nephrotic syndrome is unknown but is due to minimal change disease. Both conditions tend to affect the pediatric population.

Signs and symptoms of glomerulonephritis include hematuria (tea-colored urine), hypertension, decreased GFR (glomerular filtration rate), low urinary output, facial edema, mild proteinuria etc.

Signs and symptoms of nephrotic syndrome include massive proteinuria (greater than 3 grams of protein loss per day), hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, weight gain, noticeable edema, risk for infection and blood clot formation.

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