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Constipation refers to bowel movements that are infrequent or hard to pass. The stool is often hard and dry. Other symptoms may include abdominal pain, bloating, and feeling as if one has not completely passed the bowel movement. Complications from constipation may include hemorrhoids, anal fissure or fecal impaction. Poor diet frequently causes constipation. Dietary fiber and adequate water intake are necessary to help keep stools soft. Constipation can happen for many reasons, such as when stool passes through the colon too slowly. The slower the food moves through the digestive tract, the more water the colon will absorb and the harder the feces will become. A person who poops fewer than 3 times per week may have constipation.

Laxatives, purgatives, or aperients are substances that loosen stools and increase bowel movements. They are used to treat and prevent constipation.
Laxatives vary as to how they work and the side effects they may have. Certain stimulant, lubricant, and saline laxatives are used to evacuate the colon for rectal and bowel examinations and may be supplemented by enemas under certain circumstances. Sufficiently high doses of laxatives may cause diarrhea.
Some laxatives combine more than one active ingredient.
Diarrhoea is when your bowel movements become loose or watery. The definition of diarrhea is passing loose or watery bowel movements 3 or more times in a day (or more frequently than usual).

In general, laxatives can be classified into four main categories: bulk laxatives, stimulant laxatives, osmotic laxatives and stool softeners.

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