Clermont-Ferrand (pronounced: / k l ɛ ʁ . m ɔ̃ f e . ʁ ɑ̃ / Note 1 Listen ) is a city in central France , located in the Massif Central and the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region . It is the historic capital of Auvergne and the capital of the department of Puy-de-Dôme .

The modern city was born from the union in the 17th century of two ancient rival cities, Clermont and Montferrand . The Gallo-Roman city of Augustonemetum appears after the disappearance of the Arvernian metropolis Nemossos . It then takes the name of Arvernis then of Clermont . At the beginning of the 12th century , the counts of Auvergne founded the competing town of Montferrand . In 1630 , Louis XIII imposed by the Edict of Troyesthe unification of the two neighboring towns. This union will be reaffirmed by Louis XV in 1731 .

Clermont-Ferrand is the 22nd most populated municipality in France with 147,284 inhabitants in 2020. Its urban unit brings together 273,443 inhabitants in 2020 and its catchment area 507,954 inhabitants in the same year INS2 1 . The intercommunality reached the rank of metropolis onJanuary 1 , 2018under the name of Clermont Auvergne Métropole .

A major French university and research center 1 , 2 , the city retains important administrative functions and intermediary services. With more than 40,000 students 3 , ie a quarter of the municipal population 4 , and 6,000 researchers, it is the first city in France to join the UNESCO learning city network 5 .

City with an industrial tradition, headquarters of Michelin , one of the world's two largest tire manufacturers 6 , Clermont-Ferrand is also well positioned in the pharmaceutical, agro-food and aeronautical industries. It hosts three competitiveness clusters 7 .
Location
To the west, Clermont-Ferrand is overlooked by a granite plateau (800 m on average) on which is the Puys chain and the Limagne fault, the largest chain of volcanoes in Europe, among which stands the most famous, the Puy de Dôme Note 2 at 1465 meters.

To the north of the agglomeration stretches the fertile plain of Limagne bathed by the Allier , the second cereal plain in France, rich in its volcanic residues accumulated over 400,000 years.

Clermont-Ferrand is the crossroads of the north-south Paris – Béziers ( A71 and A75 ) and transverse east-west Lyon – Bordeaux ( A89 ) motorway axes.

By road, Clermont-Ferrand is located 420 km from Paris , 370 km from Bordeaux , 335 km from Montpellier , 300 km from Orléans , 190 km from Bourges , 175 km from Limoges , 165 km from Lyon , 140 km from Saint -Etienne and 50 km from Vichy .


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