Valencia walked off the field in the 29th minute after Frenchman Diakhaby reacted furiously in a dispute with Cadiz's Spanish defender Juan Cala.
Diakhaby, who is of Guinean descent, was shown a yellow card for arguing with Cala before Valencia left the pitch.
Referee David Medie Jimenez said Diakhaby had told him Cala had used a racial slur to insult him.
It is the first time a La Liga match has been stopped after an accusation of racism.
Cadiz eventually won the match 2-1 after an 88th-minute goal by Marcos Maura, who had come off the bench to replace Cala.

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