Responsible for the development of the W 126 was Bruno Sacco, at that time head of the department stylistics, and Werner Breitschwerdt as Director of passenger car bodies.
Due to the oil crisis were focused in developing the new S-class in parallel with the safety Best possible on economic criteria such as the reduction of vehicle weight, and thereby to improve the vehicle-specific consumption compared to the previous series. Through a streamlined shape with a drag coefficient of 0.36 instead of 0.41 and lighter construction of the consumption of the series was 126 compared to its predecessor model reduced by over 10%. Other measures in the framework of the "Mercedes-Benz Energy Concept" in 1981, consumption fell further; the 500 SE consumed up to 30% less than its predecessor 450 SE series 116th
The reduction in weight (60 kg at 280 SE up to 280 kg for the 500 SEL compared to the 450 SEL 6.9) was, among other things by the increased use of plastics and reaches the light-metal engine block of the eight-cylinder engines M 116 and M 117th The body was constructed with the help of computers (CAD). Some parts are made of titanium, vanadium and niobium alloy steels having the same strength as conventional plates offered at a lower material thickness.
In addition, it was decided not to offer a successor to the flagship 450 SEL 6.9 with 210 kW (286 hp), since such a heavy car no longer seemed contemporary with high fuel consumption. The new top model 500 SEL with 177 kW (241 hp) grew at almost the same performance due to the lower driving resistance.
The first vehicles of the pilot series were completed in February 1979 and subjected to final sea trials. They were exclusively equipped with a short wheelbase, the vehicle version with an extended wheelbase was only in the fall, just in time for presentation at the IAA in September, completed.
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