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The Suzuki cross coupling reaction involves the reaction of an aryl halide (R-X) with an organoborane reagent. The reagent can be either an boronic acid, R'-B(OH)2, or a boronic ester, R'-B(OR)2. In the presence of a palladium catalyst these reagents form a biaryl (R-R'). The organoboron reagent can be formed from a halide (R'-X). The halide is treated with either magnesium or lithium to make a Grignard or organolithium, which in turn is treated with B(OR)3, often trimethoxyborane, to make a borate ester. Treatment with weak acid and water gives the boronic acid. The reaction is very mild and tolerates a range of functional groups.
Suzuki cross-coupling reaction
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