The Top 10 Emerging Technologies of 2016 - The Road to 2017 | Amazing Earth
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Each year, a panel of World Economic Forum experts identifies the key technological trends set to transform our world. These are this year's most important breakthroughs:
1. The Internet of Nanothings
This technology relies on sensors small enough to circulate through living bodies or mix directly with construction materials. A crucial first step towards an Internet of Nanothings (IoNT) that could transform medicine, environmental science and many other sectors.
2. Grid-Scale Energy Storage
It includes new battery technologies such as Sodium-ion and Zinc-air which are much more efficient and affordable. It will make large-scale power storage possible and facilitate the use of renewable energy.
3. Blockchain
Blockchain is a decentralized databse where electronic transactions are securely recorded and verified. It is currently used for digital currencies like Bitcoin. The future global economy will be based on blockchain transactions and the third party organisations may no longer be necessary.
4. 2D Materials
Innovative new materials like graphene are becoming more affordable and could bring radical improvements to solar power and air pollution.
5. Autonomous Vehicles
The development of self-driving cars has accelerated rapidly and with companies like Tesla already producing consumer models, it looks like semi autonomous vehicles might be available for mass production sooner than expected.
6. Organs on Chips
Organs-on-chips are miniature models that can effectively emulate human organs, allowing for new drugs to be tested more accurately and replacing animal testing.
7. Perovskite Solar Cells
A newer type of solar cell which is much more efficient at generating power. The rapid development of these solar cells could provide a reliable source of clean energy worldwide.
8. Open AI Ecosystem
AI technologies that understand speech, text, financial behaviour and health conditions will soon be able to provide assistance and support equal or superior to that of a human personal assistant.
9. Optogenetics
With optogenetics, neuroscientists can turn neurons on and off selectively with an unprecedented level of precision. The World Health Organization estimates that mental disorders affect one in four people globally with long term consequences for individuals and societies. Optogenetics can have a revolutionary impact on the treatment of mental disorders such as Parkinson's, epilepsy and depression.
10. Systems Metabolic Engineering
Climate change concerns and fossil fuels dependence are giving rise to bio-based economy. Microorganisms that can be safely contained without ethical issues are being used as 'biofactories' for the production of sustainable chemicals and materials which will be used to produce environmentally friendlier products, with no carbon footprint.
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