In this video i will be discussing eczema and atopic dermatitis. Different forms of eczema treatment. Itchy rash and dry skin caused by atopic dermatitis.

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Eczema is basically a term to describe a condition where the skin is inflamed and angry looking. It causes skin redness, itchiness, dryness, skin peeling and sometimes pain and infection.
Eczema which are due to allergy - these are called atopic eczema and they are most common in children.
Eczema which are due to dryness - they are called asteatotic eczema and are very common in elderlies.
Eczema which occurs upon contact with something which you are allergic to or irritated by - these are called contact dermatitis.
Eczema which tends to occur on your scalp, eyebrows, face and causes bad dandruff - these are called seborrheic dermatitis.
Today I will focus more on atopic eczema, which is a very common condition in children.
this condition affects patients who has a family history of eczema or has allergic rhinitis, asthma or allergic conjunctivitis.
Atopic dermatitis typically begins in childhood , usually in the first year of life. about 70% of children outgrow atopic dermatitis by puberty. 10-20% of atopic dermatitis persists into adulthood.

Patients with atopic eczema develops intensely itchy rash usually on parts of the body that folds, such as the inner part of our elbow, the back of our knees and the neck. itch is persistent and the skin is red and inflamed.
It makes the patient scratch intensely and as a result of the prolonged inflammation and scratching, the skin often discolours and thickens.
Bacterial infection is common too as the protective barrier of the skin is damaged due to the inflammation.

What can be the triggers of eczema and atopic dermatitis?
Stress, dryness of skin, heat and sweat, dirt and dust, allergens like dust mites, pollens and mould, even chemicals like detergents, fragrances and preservatives.
The first step to successful management is to avoid the triggers.
Avoid having items that trap dust around the patient like soft toys. Vacuum your house and bedroom regularly.
Constantly wash the pillow and bolster casings and sun the mattress every 2 weeks to get rid of dust mites.
Opt for gentle and hydrating body wash and avoid using fragrances and harsh detergents.
Avoid clothing made of wool or nylon fabrics.

The second step and perhaps the most important step is moisturising.
Moisturizing the patient’s skin helps reduce dryness and itch, reduce inflammation and restore the protective skin barrier.
Choose moisturisers that are hypo-allergenic, without fragrances.
Some of the ingredients that are beneficial include ceramide, Urea, Glycerin, paraffin and hyaluronic acid.
Application of moisturisers can be done liberally up to 2-3 times a day when required.

The third step would be topical steroid creams.
Steroid creams are helpful to reduce inflammation and calm down the skin.
They help with the itch and the redness.
However, prolonged steroid cream usage comes with side effects like skin thinning, discolouration of the skin and may even affect the growth of the child if used in large amounts.
As such, always seek a medical doctor’s opinion on what type of steroid creams to use and for how long.
When should you see a doctor for atopic dermatitis?
If you are unsure of the diagnosis of the itchy rash - please see a doctor.
If you have removed all potential triggers and have already applied plenty of moisturiser to your child but the condition is still worsening - please see a doctor as soon as you can.
If there is a sudden worsening of the skin condition or even signs suggestive of infection like increasing pain, increasing redness or swelling or even blistering then you will need to see a doctor urgently as antibiotics may be necessary to treat bacterial infections.
0:00 intro
0:34 What is eczema?
0:50 Different types of eczema
01:23 Atopic eczema
02:36 Triggers of eczema
03:03 Treatment of eczema
04:20 When to see a doctor
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