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Why is it colder at a higher altitude when technically it is closer to the sun?

The answer to your question deals with the pressure and temperature relationship of a gas. The Earth's atmosphere is thin layer of gases composed of nitrogen (78%), oxygen (19%), and other gases (~3%). As you go to higher altitudes, there are less air molecules pushing down on you (lower pressure). When the pressure of a gas decreases, the temperature also decreases (the reverse is also true – when the gas pressure increases, the temperature increases). Therefore, the air temperature is lower at higher altitudes.


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Why is it colder at a higher altitude when technically it is closer to the sun?

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