The President João Goulart Elevated Road, formerly named President Costa e Silva Elevated Road, and popularly known as Big Worm, is an elevated expressway in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, which connects the Roosevelt Square region in the city center to Padre Péricles Square, in Barra Funda. It was built with the aim of relieving the traffic of roads that, as they cut through central regions of the city, could not be extended to have their capacity increased. Thus, the solution would be the construction of a parallel road over the public spaces so that the traffic capacity would be doubled.
Since it began to be built, the Big Worm has generated discomfort and complaints from the neighboring population. The air, noise and visual pollution caused by the Elevated are evident, especially for neighboring buildings, which suffer more from the situation. Along with the abandonment of the center throughout the 1980s, 1990s and 2000s, the region degraded, becoming a place of shelter for homeless people, prostitution and drug users.
For decades, there have been pressures for its deactivation and the negotiations that have been carried out point to its transformation into a leisure area, linear park and place for events, as a way of valuing the region. Despite this, its role in the flow of traffic in the region justifies the defense of its permanence as an expressway. The complexity of the debate also includes the vulnerability of the local population, which, due to the devaluation that Elevated carries, created a region of rents - both residential and commercial - more accessible in an area surrounded by infrastructure on the fringe of two neighborhoods historically destined for the upper classes. wealthier: Higienópolis and Campos Elíseos. Therefore, there is also the fear that the deactivation will induce a gentrification process resulting from the reurbanization and revaluation of the area, expelling the poorest and most vulnerable population.
As a strategy to reduce the negative impact of the Elevated since 1976, it is closed from Monday to Saturday, from 9:30 pm to 6 am, with total closure on Sundays. Currently, the road is open to cars from Monday to Friday, from 7 am to 8 pm, remaining closed to vehicles on other days and times, including on national holidays, when it is only open to pedestrians and cyclists.
Since the Strategic Master Plan of 2016, approved in 2014 in the management of the Mayor Fernando Haddad, there is already a forecast for the transformation of the elevated highway into a park, leaving the planning for the future. In February 2018, the law creating the Big Worm Municipal Park was enacted by the then mayor João Doria and published in the Official Gazette. A year later, on February 21, 2019, Mayor Bruno Covas announced the start of planning, providing for the deactivation of the elevated road and the creation of a suspended park in a first stretch of 900 meters that connects Roosevelt Square to Arouche Square.
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