Hello & Welcome To RealJoshTv, I wanted to share my thoughts on the original racetam and possibly the original nootropic, Piracetam. What are YOUR thoughts on piracetam?

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Time Stamps:
00:00 Introduction
00:20 Phenyl Piracetam
00:38 General Racetam Talk
01:00 Where Josh Bought Piracetam
01:11 Piracetam Dosage
01:31 Cosmic Nootropics Quality
01:50 Nootropics Bundle
02:04 Piracetam Is The First Nootropic
02:25 Piracetam vs Phenyl Piracetam
02:55 How Piracetam Feels
03:41 Better Than Pramiracetam / Coluracetam
03:57 Piracetam is the Best Nootropic?
04:17 Who Is Piracetam For?
04:30 Other Sources Of Piracetam?
04:57 Piracetam Is The Best Nootropic?
05:16 Outro

Piracetam is a drug marketed as a treatment for myoclonus.[3] It is also used as a cognitive enhancer to improve memory, attention, and learning.[4][5][6][7][8] Evidence to support its use is unclear, with some studies showing modest benefits in specific populations and others showing minimal or no benefit.[9][10] Piracetam is sold as a medication in many European countries. Sale of piracetam is not illegal in the United States, although it is not regulated nor approved by the FDA so it is legally sold for research use only.[4]

Piracetam is in the racetams group, with chemical name 2-oxo-1-pyrrolidine acetamide. It is a derivative of the neurotransmitter GABA and shares the same 2-oxo-pyrrolidone base structure with pyroglutamic acid. Piracetam is a cyclic derivative of GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid). Related drugs include the anticonvulsants levetiracetam and brivaracetam, and the putative nootropics aniracetam and phenylpiracetam.

Some sources suggest that piracetam's overall effect on lowering depression and anxiety is higher than on improving memory.[13] However, depression is reported to be an occasional adverse effect of piracetam.[14]

Mechanisms of action
Piracetam's mechanism of action, as with racetams in general, is not fully understood. The drug influences neuronal and vascular functions and influences cognitive function without acting as a sedative or stimulant.[9] Piracetam is a positive allosteric modulator of the AMPA receptor, although this action is very weak and its clinical effects may not necessarily be mediated by this action.[24] It is hypothesized to act on ion channels or ion carriers, thus leading to increased neuron excitability.[22] GABA brain metabolism and GABA receptors are not affected by piracetam[25]

Piracetam improves the function of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine via muscarinic cholinergic (ACh) receptors[citation needed], which are implicated in memory processes.[26] Furthermore, piracetam may have an effect on NMDA glutamate receptors, which are involved with learning and memory processes. Piracetam is thought to increase cell membrane permeability.[26][27] Piracetam may exert its global effect on brain neurotransmission via modulation of ion channels (i.e., Na+, K+).[22] It has been found to increase oxygen consumption in the brain, apparently in connection to ATP metabolism, and increases the activity of adenylate kinase in rat brains.[28][29] Piracetam, while in the brain, appears to increase the synthesis of cytochrome b5,[30] which is a part of the electron transport mechanism in mitochondria. But in the brain, it also increases the permeability of some intermediates of the Krebs cycle through the mitochondrial outer membrane.[28]

Piracetam inhibits N-type calcium channels. The concentration of piracetam achieved in central nervous system after a typical dose of 1200 mg (about 100 μM)[31] is much higher than the concentration necessary to inhibit N-type calcium channels (IC50 of piracetam in rat neurons was 3 μM).[32]

History
Piracetam was first made some time between the 1950s and 1964 by Corneliu E. Giurgea.[33] There are reports of it being used for epilepsy in the 1950s.[34]

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