The modern interpretation of the orc -- a ruthless and savage humanoid with a bent toward warfare and destruction -- is the result of thousands of years of adaptation, ranging from the "hell-devils" of ancient sources through to soft-footed goblins of Victorian literature and through to today's monsters as portrayed in works like The Lord of the Rings.

In this video, I'll look at the origins of orcs -- not in the fantasy worlds they inhabit, but in our real world.

Chapters:
0:00 Introduction
1:11 Tolkien's Takings
2:58 Beowulf and Back
4:46 In Other Worlds
6:02 Other Orcish Origins

If you like this kind of video and want me to look into other historical roots of gaming, let me know!

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Partial list of sources:
Tyellas: The Unnatural History of Tolkien's Orcs
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A. von Gunther
Tales and Legends of the Tyrol
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Lodovico Ariosto
Orlando Furioso
[ Ссылка ]

Humphrey Carpenter and Christopher Tolkien
The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien
[ Ссылка ]

Nomenclature of The Lord of the Rings
J.R.R. Tolkien
[ Ссылка ]

Some media elements sourced from Pixabay ([ Ссылка ]) and Pexels ([ Ссылка ]).

Some media elements in this video use various versions of the Creative Commons license.

CC BY SA 1.0
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CC BY-SA 2.0
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CC BY-SA 3.0
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CC BY-SA 4.0
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