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Cloudnine Hospitals, Electronic City, Bangalore
Vitamin D deficiency which in children we call it as Rickets and in adults we call it as osteomalacia. It is one of the commonest deficiency now a days. With the facilities to investigate the child, have given us early diagnosis of Vitamin D deficiency which is called as Biochemical Rickets. The serum Vitamin D3 levels are low even before they manifest clinically. But off late what we are seeing is because of the lockdown, because of different issues, too much of clothing, not going out in sun and playing and in general the dark skin of the Indian people doesn’t allow the synthesis of Vitamin D3 in the skin with the help of sunlight. Nowadays most of the children show some or other symptoms of Vitamin D. as per the recommendations of different scientific organisations, all the newborns till the age of 1 year are supplemented with Vitamin D so that their bones and teeth are strong. Vitamin D has many roles in body. It acts as a building block and also helps as a hormone. So Vitamin D deficiency usually in small children manifests as excessive sweating on the forehead. The child may have a lot sweating. They have delayed dentition. There is bossing of frontal and parietal head. Some of these children have hot cross bun appearance of the head. The head looks a little big and there is a lot of sweating. Frontal sutures are bit open. Some of these children have a sulcus on the ribs called as Harrison sulcus. They have because of the soft ribs. They may have protuberant abdomen. They may have a wide wrist, wide ankle. They can have bowing of legs or they may have knock knees. These are all because of soft long bones and they bend. This is because of Vitamin D deficiency. The best way of prevention is the child should be playing in sunlight and have a adequate calcium containing food. All the cereals particularly is a rich source of calcium for baby. Mother’s milk is the best source of calcium. Exclusive breast feed till 6 months and thereafter continuing till 2 years and beyond. Along with that a proper complimenting feeding in the form of homemade food. People who eat non veg get a lot of calcium once the baby is 1 year old or above. Sunlight is very important. So all the children should be encouraged to go out and play in the sunlight particularly the morning sun is important for the synthesis of Vitamin D3. Anytime you feel your child has these symptoms in the form of bowing of the legs, wide wrists, recurrent infections, and little big head, whole of head is not fusing although the baby is one and a half year of age. These are the things that should guide you to go the doctor for the advice regarding Vitamin D deficiency.
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