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00:01:49 1 Horizon 2000
00:06:21 2 Horizon 2000+
00:07:13 3 Cosmic Vision
00:09:24 4 Living Planet Programme
00:11:43 5 Non-program missions
00:11:53 5.1 Past
00:19:07 5.2 Current
00:22:37 5.3 Future
00:24:11 5.4 Proposed
00:26:02 5.5 Cancelled
00:27:54 6 See also



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Speaking Rate: 0.7253558804205391
Voice name: en-AU-Wavenet-C


"I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think."
- Socrates


SUMMARY
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The European Space Agency (ESA) operates a number of missions, both operational and scientific, including collaborations with other national space administrations such as the Japanese JAXA, the French CNES, the American NASA, and the Chinese CNSA. Their portfolio of missions also include many public-private partnership missions, a number of which with European satellite operators EUMETSAT, Eutelsat, and Inmarsat.
A staple of the ESA's Science Doctrine is the Cosmic Vision programme, a series of space science missions chosen by the ESA to launch through competitions, similar to NASA's Discovery and New Frontiers programmes. It succeeds the Horizon 2000 and Horizon 2000+ programmes which launched notable missions such as Huygens, Rosetta and Gaia. Each space science mission are divided into two categories: "Sun and Solar System", missions studying the solar system, and "Astrophysics", missions studying interstellar astronomy. A similarly-operated programme focused on Earth observation, known as the Living Planet Programme, has launched various "Earth Explorers" such as GOCE and Swarm, which serve many forms of Geoscience individually. A number of missions by the ESA have also launched and operated outside of a canonical programme, as is the case with missions such as Giotto, Ulysses, and Mars Express.

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