The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is the most powerful space observatory ever built, and it has a unique ability to see the invisible universe. In this video, we explain how JWST can measure and analyze the brightness of the sky as seen from its vantage point in space, and how this affects its ability to observe faint objects that are hidden from other telescopes. We also discuss how one of JWST’s instruments, the Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI), can achieve its expected sensitivity despite slightly higher thermal backgrounds near 10 micron. We base our video on a new paper by Jane R. Rigby and colleagues, published in the Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, which reports the actual backgrounds as measured from commissioning and early science observations. We also explore some of the science goals and challenges of JWST, and what secrets of the cosmos it might reveal with its dark-sky vision.
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