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❖ Description ❖
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In this tutorial, we will look at How to make "Electronic Piano Circuit using 555 timer" Step by Step completely
555 timer IC is an Integrated Circuit that can be used for so many different types of applications like Timer, Pulse generation, Oscillator, a Memory element, etc.
Before going for the circuit, one should understand how the frequency output of the square wave generated by a free-running timer can be changed.
The figure shown below is a mere square wave generator. In the third formula, it can be seen that the frequency of output square wave is inversely related to R2 (in the piano circuit it is a button network). So if R2 increases the frequency decreases. This changing frequency with changing resistance when connected to the speaker we get different sounds.
The below figure shows the circuit diagram of the piano or ASTABLE with different frequencies. In this circuit consider a case, a button first from left is pressed, the resistance between pin7 and pin6 goes as (100+POT resistance). For example, consider the frequency generated here is 1KHz square wave and so we get a tone. Now if the second from left is pressed, the resistance between pin7 and pin6 goes as (100+Pot resistance+10K resistance), nowhere the frequency of square wave generated is different from that of the first one as the effective resistance has changed between pin7 and 6. With this frequency change of square wave, we get a different tone to the first one. This is how every button is set up in the circuit.
So every time a button is pressed a different amount of resistance gets connected to generate a different frequency square wave and so we get a different tone for the different buttons. This concept is used to generate the whole combinations of tones form the piano.
To make this more interesting (and usable too!), the number of tones in this piano circuit can be increased by connecting more resistor buttons configuration. So we can get more than ten tones depending on one’s choice.
The pot is to adjust for a pleasant tone. The 10K resistors can be replaced with any kind of resistance depending on the convenience.
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❖ Hardware Required ❖
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+9 to +12 supply voltage
555 timer IC
100Ω, 10KΩ (5pieces) and 2K2Ω resistors
100KΩ pot or variable resistor
0.1µF and 10µF capacitors, 100µF capacitor (not a compulsory, connected in parallel to power)
Buttons(6 pieces)
Speaker (8Ω,0.5WATT).
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❖ Audio Credits ❖
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Music provided by Wondershare Filmora Video Editor
A-GROUP - Verve
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