Dresden is the capital city of the Free State of Saxony in Germany. It is situated in a valley on the River Elbe, near the Czech border. It's often called Elbflorenz, or "Florence on the Elbe", reflecting its riverine location and its role as a centre for arts and beautiful architecture - much like Florence in Italy.
Dresden is over 800 years old, having become a city as long ago as 1206. Many Saxon princes and kings called Dresden home. The Golden Age of Dresden was in the 18th century when, under August the Strong and his son, Friedrich August II, Saxony was a rich and important state and the rulers invested in lush architectural projects in their capital and supported artists of worldwide fame. The many buildings that date from their reign, especially the rich art collections, are testimony to their extreme wealth. The last Saxon king abdicated in 1918.
Three quarters of the historical centre of Dresden was destroyed by Allied bombing towards the end of the Second World War in 1945. More than 30,000 people died in the fire-storms. These traumatic events are still remembered each year in processions and ceremonies. For many years the ruins - and now the newly rebuilt Frauenkirche with its gold cupola donated by the former British enemies - acted as a call for peace among the different nations of the world.The historical centre is nowadays largely restored to its former glory but some parts are still under reconstruction.
Today, Dresden remains a charming, relaxed and in many ways beautiful city and has become a very popular tourist destination, in addition to being a regional economic and academic centre.
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