Indian Vs Chinese Navy:
India is lagging far behind when compared with Chinese Naval forces which is largest at the moment. Indian Navy has 65000 active personnel while Chinese counterpart has 2,35,000 active servicemen. If we compare the submarine fleet of the Asian Gaints, China operates fleet of 70+ submarines, while India only operates 20+ subs. Though India may not need as many of them as compared to China as the later has ongoing conflict with US, Japan, Philippines and many South-East Asian countries. However India seriously lacks in terms of Nuclear capable Ballistic and Attack submarines.
Introduction:
INS Karanj is the third submarine of the first batch of six Kalvari-class submarines for the Indian Navy of Project-75. Under project-75, six diesel-electric attack submarine based on the Scorpène class have been designed by French naval defence and energy group DCNS and manufactured by Mazagon Dock Limited, an Indian shipyard in Mumbai.
Features:
The state-of- the-art technology utilised for construction of the Scorpene class submarines has ensured superior stealth features such as advanced acoustic silencing techniques, low radiated noise levels, hydro-dynamically optimized shape and the ability to launch a crippling attack on the enemy using precision guided weapons. The attack can be launched with both torpedoes and tube launched anti-ship missiles, whilst underwater or on surface. The stealth of this potent platform is enhanced by the special attention given to various signatures. These stealth features give it an invulnerability, unmatched by most submarines.
Scorpene submarines can undertake multifarious types of missions i.e Anti-Surface warfare, Anti-Submarine warfare, intelligence gathering, mine laying, area surveillance etc. The submarine is designed to operate in all theatres, with means provided to ensure interoperability with other components of a Naval Task Force. It is a potent platform, marking a generational shift in submarine operations.
Specification:
Displacement:
Surfaced: 1,615 tonnes (1,780 short tons)
Submerged: 1,775 tonnes (1,957 short tons)
Speed:
Surfaced: 11 kn (20 km/h)
Submerged: 20 kn (37 km/h)
Range:
6,500 nmi (12,000 km) at 8 kn (15 km/h) (surfaced)
550 nmi (1,020 km) at 4 kn (7.4 km/h) (submerged)
Endurance: 50 days
Electronic warfare & decoys: C303/S anti-torpedo countermeasure system
Armament:
6 x 533 mm (21 in) torpedo tubes for 18 SUT torpedoes OR
SM.39 Exocet anti-ship missiles
30 mines in place of torpedoes
Project 75: Development, Trials & Induction:
In December 2017, INS Kalvari, the first Scorpene class submarine was commissioned into the Indian Navy, by Hon’ble Prime Minister. Khanderi, the second Scorpene class submarine was launched in January 2017, and had been commissioned in Indian Navy in September 2019 after undergoing the rigorous phase of sea trials. INS Karanj, the Third Scorpene class submarine will be tentatively commissioned into Indian Navy on March 10. The submarine was launched by MDL in Jan 2018 and has undergone rigorous sea trials for almost two years. The fourth submarine Vela was launched in May 2019 and undergoing sea trials. The fifth submarine in this class INS Vagir was launched last year in November and has commenced harbour trials. The sixth and the last submarine in the list underdevelopment and in advance stage of outfitting.
Future submarines for Indian Navy:
The project 75I will be follow-on of project 75 under which six more diesel electric submarines will be built for Indian Navy Air-Independent propulsion(AIP) system. The AIP will enable submarines to stay submerged for longer duration and substantially increase their operational range
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