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———— Colombia, officially known as the Republic of Colombia, is strategically situated in the northwestern region of South America, bordered by the Caribbean Sea to the north, Venezuela and Brazil to the east, Peru and Ecuador to the south, and Panama and the Pacific Ocean to the west. Its capital, Bogotá, serves as the country's political, economic, and cultural hub. With a diverse population of over 50 million inhabitants, Colombia is the third-most populous country in Latin America.

The history of Colombia is marked by a rich pre-Columbian heritage, followed by the period of Spanish colonization which began in the early 16th century and lasted until the country gained its independence in 1819. The political landscape of Colombia has been shaped by its history of colonialism, the struggle for independence, and its subsequent internal conflicts, including a long-standing civil war that has had profound effects on its social and political fabric.

Colombia is recognized for its ethnic diversity, with a population composed of a mixture of indigenous peoples, descendants of African slaves, and Europeans. This diversity is also reflected in the languages spoken across the country. While Spanish is the official language, there are over 60 indigenous languages that are recognized as official in their respective territories.

Religion plays a significant role in Colombian society, with Roman Catholicism being the predominant faith, influencing the country's cultural and social norms. However, the constitution guarantees freedom of religion, and there is a growing diversity of religious beliefs.

Economically, Colombia is classified as an upper-middle-income economy. It is rich in natural resources, with major industries including oil, mining, and agriculture. The country is the world's leading producer of emeralds and a significant exporter of coffee, flowers, and bananas. In recent years, the service sector has grown considerably, now constituting the largest component of the GDP.

Tourism in Colombia has seen a significant increase, thanks to its varied geography that includes the Andes mountain range, the Amazon rainforest, tropical grasslands, and both Caribbean and Pacific coastlines. The country's rich cultural heritage, biodiversity, and historical sites, such as the pre-Columbian city of Ciudad Perdida and the colonial architecture of Cartagena, attract visitors from around the globe.

In conclusion, Colombia is a country of great complexity and contrast, with a dynamic blend of history, culture, and natural beauty. Its strategic location and economic potential make it an important player on the South American continent.

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