Masyaf Castle served to protect the approach to other Ismaili castles in the Syrian Coastal Mountain Range at a site controlling the trade routes to cities further inland such as Banyas along the silk road. The castle itself stands on a platform about 20 meters above the surrounding plain. It became famous as the stronghold from which Rashid ad-Din Sinan, known as the Old Man of the Mountain, ruled from 1166-1193. He was a leader of the Syrian branch of the Shia Nizari Isma'ili sect, also known as the Assassins, and a figure in the history of the Crusades
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