What is kennel cough and what does it sound like? It's a big question, and we have the answer.
Let's take a closer look at this common infection, and we’ll go over some typical queries on how to protect your dog.
Kennel cough (also known as canine infectious tracheobronchitis) is a common respiratory infection that affects dogs.
It’s caused by several different bacteria and viruses, mainly Bordetella bronchiseptica and canine parainfluenza. The infection attacks the dog’s respiratory tract and causes inflammation of the upper airway, making them cough repeatedly.
Usually, it's not serious, and its symptoms go away after around three weeks. However, it can make dogs more vulnerable to secondary illnesses or infections, especially young puppies and older, more vulnerable dogs.
Because it’s airborne and highly contagious, dogs are most likely to get it when surrounded by other dogs — hence the name.
But dogs don’t just catch it at kennels. The bacteria can linger for up to 48 hours on any surface an infected dog has come into contact with, such as plants, food bowls, toys and other objects.
Dogs with this infection often make a dry, hacking sound. It can look as if they’ve got something stuck in their throat — and they may gag and swallow after coughs. They might also make a loud, goose-like honk.
The main symptoms are a hacking cough and swallowing or gagging afterwards. In rare cases, dogs may show other signs, including:
- A runny nose
- Sticky eyes
- Sneezing
- Eye discharge
Most dogs won’t need treatment, but there are ways you can help to speed up their response to the infection:
- Make sure they have plenty of rest
- Keep them hydrated and well nourished
- Avoid exposure to smoke, dust and household cleaners
- Soaking dry food will help to soothe the throat and reduce dust irritation
- Use a harness rather than a collar and leash to avoid putting pressure on your dog’s windpipe
- Keep their living area clean, dry and well ventilated
- Keeping your dog calm, rested and away from things that may irritate their throat, will help them get better quicker.
This illness can leave dogs vulnerable to secondary infections and, in rare cases, may lead to pneumonia — particularly in puppies or older dogs with a compromised immune system.
It’s mainly spread through airborne droplets, which carry the bacteria that cause the infection. These bacteria can come from other dogs coughing, sneezing or barking close to your pet, which is known as direct transmission. These bacteria-laden droplets are inhaled into your dog's respiratory tract and inflame the voice box (larynx) and windpipe (trachea).
It is also spread through indirect transmission. The bacteria can be found on surfaces such as food and water bowls, toys, bedding and furniture.
It's highly contagious, so it is a particular concern when diagnosed in dogs in kennels or who regularly attend doggy daycare or dog shows. You should keep your dog away from other dogs if you suspect they have the infection.
Most dogs will recover without treatment within one to three weeks, although it can linger for up to six weeks in more complicated cases.
Dogs are generally contagious for around two weeks, but this can be longer or shorter depending on the severity of the infection. Again, isolation is key to stopping the spread.
The most effective way to prevent your dog from catching kennel cough is to ensure they’re vaccinated against it.
Routine vaccinations do not protect against Bordetella bronchiseptica, the main cause of this infection. This additional vaccine is usually given through the nose. It doesn’t guarantee 100% protection (like human flu vaccines), but it is the best way to provide immunity.
Members of Pet Health Club™ get this vaccination as part of their subscription.
The vaccine can protect puppies as young as three weeks old for up to 12 months. The best time to get your dog vaccinated against the infection is when they have their puppy vaccinations. From then, they should be revaccinated every year.
The cost of the vaccine tends to differ from vet to vet, but you can expect to pay up to £70. However, some preventative health care packages, such as Pet Health Club™ offer it as part of the subscription, meaning the cost of the vaccine is included in your monthly membership fee.
Need more advice?
For more info on keeping your dog safe from kennel cough, have a chat with your local vet. Find your nearest vet using our find a vet page, or speak to a vet online using our online vet service.
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