Kaliningrad until 1946 known as Königsberg, is the largest city and the administrative centre of Kaliningrad Oblast, the westernmost oblast of Russia. The city is situated on the Pregolya River, at the head of the Vistula Lagoon on the Baltic Sea, with a population of 489,359 residents, up to 800,000 residents in the urban agglomeration. Kaliningrad is the second-largest city in the Northwestern Federal District, after Saint Petersburg, the third-largest city in the Baltic region, and the seventh-largest city on the Baltic Sea.

The settlement of modern-day Kaliningrad was founded in 1255 on the site of the ancient Old Prussian settlement Twangste by the Teutonic Knights during the Northern Crusades, and was named Königsberg in honor of King Ottokar II of Bohemia. A Baltic port city, it successively became the capital of the State of the Teutonic Order, the Duchy of Prussia (1525–1701) and East Prussia. Königsberg remained the coronation city of the Prussian monarchy, though the capital was moved to Berlin in 1701. From 1454 to 1455 the city under the name of Królewiec belonged to the Kingdom of Poland, and from 1466 to 1657 it was a Polish fief. Königsberg was the easternmost large city in Germany until World War II. The city was heavily damaged by Allied bombing in 1944 and during the Battle of Königsberg in 1945; it was then captured by the Soviet Union on 9 April 1945. The Potsdam Agreement of 1945 placed it under Soviet administration. The city was renamed to Kaliningrad in 1946 in honor of Soviet revolutionary Mikhail Kalinin. Since the dissolution of the Soviet Union, it is governed as the administrative centre of Russia's Kaliningrad Oblast, an exclave sandwiched between Lithuania and Poland.

As a major transport hub, with sea and river ports, the city is home to the headquarters of the Baltic Fleet of the Russian Navy, and is one of the largest industrial centres in Russia. It was recognized as the best city in Russia in 2012, 2013 and 2014 according to Kommersant's magazine The Firm's Secret, the best city in Russia for business in 2013 according to Forbes, and was ranked fifth in the Urban Environment Quality Index published by Minstroy in 2019. Kaliningrad has been a major internal migration attraction in Russia over the past two decades, and was one of the host cities of the 2018 FIFA World Cup.


Kaliningrad Cityscape
Upper Lake of Kaliningrad
Königsberg Cathedral
Kaliningrad State Art Gallery / Khudozhestvennaya Galereya
Museum Of The World Ocean
Victory Square / Площадь победы
Kaliningrad Puppet Theatre / Калининградский кукольный театр
Zelenogradsk Beach
Svetlogorsk, Kaliningrad Oblast
Kaliningrad Central Park / Центральный парк Калининграда
Königsberg's New Synagogue
Leninsky Prospect in Kaliningrad
Cathedral of Kaliningrad in Winter
The Port of Kaliningrad
Rybnaya Derevnya and Königsberg Cathedral and Königsberg's New Synagogue
Kaliningrad Drone View
The Pregolya River
The King's Gate / Королевские ворота
Long wooden promenade on a beach of Yantarny Resort Town
Old Bridge in Polessk Town, Kaliningrad
The Water Tower, Svetlogorsk / Водононапорная башня
Kaliningrad Regional Philharmonic Hall
Temple of Bagrationovsk
Yantarny Village, Kaliningrad Oblast near Baltic Sea
Ferris Wheel in Zelenogradsk, Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia
Gross Legitten Evangelical Lutheran Church in Nekrasovo Village
Temple of the Great Martyr Catherine in Kaliningrad

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