📌 𝐅𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐨𝐰 𝐨𝐧 𝐈𝐧𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐠𝐫𝐚𝐦:- [ Ссылка ]
📌𝗝𝗼𝗶𝗻 𝗢𝘂𝗿 𝗧𝗲𝗹𝗲𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗻𝗲𝗹 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗲:- [ Ссылка ]
📌𝗦𝘂𝗯𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗯𝗲 𝗧𝗼 𝗠𝘆 𝗠𝗮𝗶𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗟𝗶𝘀𝘁:- [ Ссылка ]

Bones of the Hand - Phalanges (Upper limb Osteology)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The bones of the hand provide support and flexibility to the soft tissues. They can be divided into three categories:

Carpal bones (Proximal) – A set of eight irregularly shaped bones. These are located in the wrist area.
Metacarpals – There are five metacarpals, each one related to a digit
Phalanges (Distal) – The bones of the fingers. Each finger has three phalanges, except for the thumb, which has two.

In this video, we shall look at the anatomical features of the bones of the hand.

The phalanges of the hand are the group of small bones that comprise the bony core of the digits (fingers) of the hand. Even though the phalanges are small in size, they are classified as long bones because of their structural characteristics; each phalanx consists of a shaft, distal head and a proximal base.

There are fourteen phalanges in each hand; each of the medial four digits has three phalanges (proximal, middle and distal), while the thumb has only two (proximal and distal). The phalanges are interconnected by interphalangeal joints and vascularized via the nutrient rami to phalanges, which stem from the palmar digital arteries.

The digits have a universal labeling system using the anatomical position of the hand (palm facing anteriorly) as reference. Going from lateral to medial, they are named thumb (digit 1), index finger (digit 2), middle finger (digit 3), ring finger (digit 4) and little finger (digit 5).

Joints
----------
Metacarpophalangeal joints connect the metacarpal bones and proximal phalanges
Proximal interphalangeal joints connect the proximal and middle phalanges
Distal interphalangeal joints connect the middle and distal phalanges
Interphalangeal joint of thumb connect the proximal and distal phalanges of the thumb

Muscles attaching to phalanges
--------------------------------------------------
Flexors: flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor digitorum profundus, lumbricals, dorsal interossei, palmar interossei, flexor digiti minimi, opponens digiti minimi muscles

Extensors: extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi, extensor indicis, lumbricals, dorsal interossei, palmar interossei, abductor digiti minimi muscle

#phalanges #bonesofhand #pahangesanatomy #anatomyofphalanges #phalangeslecture #phalangesbones #upperlimbosteology #upperlimbones #osteologyofhand #handbonesanatomy #handbones #osteology #mbbs1styearanatomy #usmle

свернуть