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In this video Heimler explains everything you need to know for Unit 1 Topic 6 of the AP Government curriculum. This topic is all about the separation of powers and the system of checks and balances outlined in the Constitution.
In order to avoid tyranny, power has been divided between three branches of government (legislative, executive, and judicial), each of which can check and balance the other's power. In the legislative branch, power has been further divided into two houses: the Senate and the House of Representatives. And then by means of the 10th amendment, power has been further divided between state governments and the federal government (federalism).
The justification and defense of this system is laid out by James Madison in Federalist 51.
