Radioactive iodine (I-131) is a type of antithyroid drug used to treat hyperthyroidism, particularly Graves' disease and toxic multinodular goiter. It works by:

1. Concentrating in the thyroid gland
2. Damaging or destroying overactive thyroid cells
3. Reducing thyroid hormone production

Radioactive iodine is usually given orally, in the form of a capsule or liquid, and is taken up by the thyroid gland like regular iodine. The radiation emitted by the I-131 then damages the overactive thyroid cells, leading to a reduction in thyroid hormone production.

Benefits:

- Effective in reducing symptoms of hyperthyroidism
- Can be used in combination with other treatments
- May avoid the need for surgery

Side effects:

- Temporary increase in thyroid hormones (thyroid storm)
- Neck pain or swelling
- Sore throat
- Fatigue
- Hair loss
- Nausea and vomiting

Long-term effects:

- Hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid gland)
- Increased risk of cancer (rare)

It's important to note that radioactive iodine treatment is usually reserved for:

- Severe cases of hyperthyroidism
- Failed medical therapy
- Elderly patients
- Patients with comorbidities

Pregnant or breastfeeding women should not receive radioactive iodine treatment. Regular monitoring of thyroid hormone levels is necessary after treatment to adjust medication and prevent complications.

#Radioactiveiodine #Antithyroid

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