DNA is a long molecule that contains our unique genetic code and thus the instructions an organism needs to develop, live, and reproduce. Just like a recipe book, it holds the directions for making all the proteins in our bodies. This information is found in every cell and is passed down from parents to their children. DNA has become particularly popular during the past few decades thanks to its broad usage and utility. Genetic tests are used for a variety of reasons nowadays, including to show if there’s a relation between a parent and a child, diagnose genetic disorders, to determine whether a person is a carrier of a mutation that they could pass on to their children, and to identify whether a person is at risk for a certain disease. For the aforementioned reasons, it has been argued that the discovery of DNA as well as our understanding of its structure and function may well be the most significant discovery of the twentieth century. The effect of the discovery of DNA on scientific and medical progress has been enormous! See for yourself as we explore these 25 Facts You Might Not Know About DNA.
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DNA is found in all living things and stands for deoxyribonucleic acid.
We have all heard about paternity tests which confirm the relationship between a child and his or her potential father, or how a criminal can be identified via a DNA test (if investigators found blood, sperm, or hair at the crime scene), but DNA testing is also used to authenticate food such as caviar and fine wine.
DNA is used in wildlife forensics to identify endangered species and the people who hunt them (poachers).
In forensics, DNA analysis usually looks at thirteen specific DNA markers (segments of DNA). The odds that two individuals will have the same thirteen-loci DNA profile is about one in a billion.
DNA can be extracted from many different types of samples: blood, cheek cells and even urine.
DNA tests can help you understand your risk of disease. For example, a DNA mutation or variation may be associated with a higher risk of a number of diseases, including breast cancer.
DNA is affected by the environment; environmental factors can turn genes on and off. This pretty much explains why, for example, some people are darker or hairier than others.
Changes in a DNA sequence are called mutations. Yes, Wolverine and your fellow mutants, we’re talking about you!
However, mutations can be changes in just one DNA base or they can involve more than one. Mutations can also involve entire segments of chromosomes.
All joking aside, many things can cause mutations, including UV irradiation from the sun, chemicals such as drugs, and so on.
And more...
Outro Links:
25 Biology Mysteries Humanity Has Not Figured Out Yet: [ Ссылка ]
25 Extremely Bizarre Research Papers: [ Ссылка ]
