Learn about pipe flanges! This video teaches you about Flange Types, Faces, Surfaces, and how flanges work. We also take a look at flange gaskets and their usage within piping systems.

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Piping flanges are essential components within all piping systems. A flange is a type of mechanical joint and is the second most common type of joint after a welded joint. Unlike welded joints, a flange can be quickly and easily assembled and disassembled.

Flange Types

The most common flange types are the:

- Blind Flange - Slip-on Flange

- Socket Weld Flange

- Welding Neck Flange (also known as a 'weld neck flange') -Lap Joint Flange (LJF)

- Threaded Flange (also known as a 'screwed flange')

Blind flanges are used for a wide range of pressure classes

and may have all types of flange face.

Slip-on flanges are used for medium to low pressure classes and use flat or raised faces.

Welding neck flanges are suitable for a wide range of pressures, temperatures and NPS sizes; they are the most common type of flange within the oil and gas industry.

Socket weld flanges are used for smaller nominal pipe sizes, and low to medium pressures.

Lap joint ring flanges do not come into contact with the process medium. A stub end is inserted through the LJF and welded to the associated pipe; it is the stub end that comes into contact with the process fluid. Stub ends can be used for a wide variety of pressure classes and temperatures.

Threaded flanges are used for lower pressure and temperature

applications. Typically, the NPS of a threaded flange is small

(less than 4").

The most common flange faces are the:

- Flat Face (FF)

- Raised Face (RF)

- Ring Type Joint (RTJ)

Flat face flanges have a large sealing area and are used for low pressure and low temperature system. Raised face flanges have a much smaller sealing area and are often serrated; this type of flange is used for medium pressure systems and higher. RTJ flanges have a small sealing area and use metal gaskets (hard gaskets); RTJ flanges are used for medium pressure systems and higher.

The most common flange surfaces are the: - Smooth

-Serrated (which can be concentric or spiral [phonographic])

-Stock Finish

Stock finish surfaces are the most common flange finishing surface. Raised face flanges usually have a serrated surface. Flat face flanges have a smooth surface finish and are used for lower pressure applications.

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