Bhaja Caves is a group of 22 rock-cut caves from 2nd century BC. The inscriptions & the cave temple are protected as a Monument of National Importance, by the Archaeological Survey of India. It belongs to the Early Buddhist schools. The caves have a number of stupas. The most prominent excavation is its Chaitya (Cave XII), an example of the early development of this form from wooden architecture, with a vaulted horseshoe ceiling. Its vihara (Cave XVIII) has a pillared verandah in front and is adorned with unique reliefs. The carvings prove that tabla was used in India for at least 2300 years, disproving the centuries-held belief that the tabla was introduced to India by outsiders. The carving shows a woman playing tabla and another woman, performing dance. A cistern inscription shows the name of a donor, Maharathi Kosikiputa Vihnudata, from the 2nd century AD. A wooden beam records two more inscriptions datable to the 2nd century B.C. Near the last cave is a waterfall that. There is a group of 14 stupas, 5 inside and 9 outside an irregular excavation. The stupas are relics of resident monks, who died at Bhaja, and display an inscription with the names of three monks, Ampinika, Dhammagiri & Sanghdina.
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