VSEPR (Theory) Models and Molecular Geometry
I want to take an updated approach and review of molecular geometry, Orbital Hybridization, Molecular Orbital theory, and more. Hopefully reviewing the material in more a detailed and consecutive manner. In this first video let’s revisit the ideals behind molecular geometry and valence shell electron pair repulsion models, or VSPER for short.
In the earlier stages of studying chemistry, when we were learning about atomic theory and bond formation we learned that the protons and neutrons exist in the nucleus of the atom and that the electrons exist in different energetic probabilities around the nucleus what we later learned as atomic orbitals. The protons are positively charged, neutrons are neutral and finally, the electrons are negatively charged, and when analyzing the formation of different chemical bonds we are focusing on how the electrons between different atoms interact.
In the case of covalent bonds, the bonding type that is a sharing of electrons mostly seen between two or more nonmetallic atoms, and in the case of 2 or more atoms we usually focus around a central atom of the molecule and branching bonding groups from that central atom this is where our discussion of molecular geometry begins.
When discussing the formation of molecular geometries our smallest arrangement will be 3 atoms, 2 bonding atoms, and 1 central. Since there is a minimal concern of “placement and arrangement of atoms” in molecules consisted of only two atoms.
The nucleus is a small dense portion of an atom, so when considering the environment of an atom, bonding atoms, or even bonding groups of a molecule if they get too close to one another repulsive forces from like charges will drastically increase the potential energy - something molecules try to minimize.
Simply based on minimizing repulsive forces within molecules VSEPR models were projected. These models do not reflect the electronic characteristics of bonds but provide insight into the molecular geometry based on a number of bonding groups and lone pairs.
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Doodles in the Membrane
VSEPR Theory and Molecular Geometry
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